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The EURion constellation (also known as Omron rings or doughnuts) is a pattern of symbols incorporated into a number of banknote designs worldwide since about 1996. It is added to help imaging software detect the presence of a banknote in a digital image. Such software can then block the user from reproducing banknotes to prevent counterfeiting using color photocopiers. Research shows that the EURion constellation is used for color photocopiers but probably not used in computer software. However, there have been reported incidents where Adobe Photoshop doesn't allow the editing of banknotes upon detection of the EURion constellation. == Description == The name "EURion constellation" was coined by Markus Kuhn, who uncovered the pattern in early 2002 while experimenting with a Xerox colour photocopier that refused to reproduce banknotes.〔Markus Kuhn: (The EURion constellation ). Security Group presentation, Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 8 February 2002.〕 The word is a portmanteau of EUR, the euro's ISO 4217 designation, and Orion, a constellation of similar shape. The EURion constellation first described by Kuhn consists of a pattern of five small yellow, green or orange circles, which is repeated across areas of the banknote at different orientations. The mere presence of five of these circles on a page is sufficient for some colour photocopiers to refuse processing. The EURion constellation is most prominent, and was therefore first recognised, on the 10 Euro (€10) banknote. Some banks integrate the constellation tightly with the remaining design of the note. On 50 DM German banknotes, the EURion circles formed the innermost circles in a background pattern of fine concentric circles. On the front of former Bank of England Elgar £20 notes, they appear as green heads of musical notes, however on the Smith £20 notes of 2007 the circles merely cluster around the '£20' text. On some U.S. bills, they appear as the digit zero in small, yellow numbers matching the value of the note. On Japanese Yen, these circles sometimes appear as flowers. Technical details regarding the EURion constellation are kept secret by its inventors and users.〔 A patent application〔Mitsutaka Katoh, et al.: Image processing device and method for identifying an input image, and copier scanner and printer including same. Omron Corporation, .〕 suggests that the pattern and detection algorithm were designed at Omron Corporation, a Japanese electronics company. It is also not clear whether the feature has any official name. The term "Omron anti-photocopying feature" appeared in an August 2005 press release by the Reserve Bank of India.〔(Issue of Rs.50 denomination banknotes in Mahatma Gandhi Series with additional/new security features without inset letter in numbering panel bearing the signature of Dr. Y. V. Reddy, Governor ), Press Release: 2005–2006/245, G. Raghuraj, Deputy General Manager, Reserve Bank of India, 24 August 2005〕 In 2007 it was picked up in an award announcement by a banknote collectors society.〔(2007 Bank Note of the Year award: 1,000-franc note from Comoros ). International Bank Note Society, 15 October 2007. 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「EURion constellation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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